Umayyad Caliphate Flag (661–750)

The Umayyad Caliphate Flag (661–750) was traditionally a plain white banner, used as the official standard of the ruling dynasty. The Umayyads, who succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate, expanded their empire across Persia, North Africa, and Spain. The white flag symbolized legitimacy, peace, and authority, distinguishing the Umayyads from the Abbasids, who later adopted a black standard. Unlike later Islamic dynasties, the Umayyad banner contained no inscriptions or symbols, focusing on its simplicity as a marker of leadership and unity.